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DBMS > Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. Splice Machine

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. Splice Machine

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSplice Machine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWell established RDBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and Spark
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.67
Rank#77  Overall
#42  Relational DBMS
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.54
Rank#255  Overall
#116  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.orgsplicemachine.com
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org/­docssplicemachine.com/­how-it-works
DeveloperActian CorporationMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSplice Machine
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current release11.2, May 202216.2, February 20243.1, March 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCC++CJava
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoJava
Triggersyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatoryesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoYes, via Full Spark Integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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3rd partiesRedgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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More resources
IngresMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQLSplice Machine
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Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

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