DBMS > Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NebulaGraph vs. Splice Machine vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NebulaGraph vs. Splice Machine vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Well established RDBMS

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Open-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and Spark

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.63
Rank	#79	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	18.98
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS

Score	0.54
Rank	#244	Overall
	#114	Relational DBMS

Score	103.35
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

splicemachine.com

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

docs.actian.com/ingres

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

docs.nebula-graph.io

splicemachine.com/how-it-works

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

Vesoft Inc.

Splice Machine

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2016

2019

2014

2000

Current release

12.0, July 2024

3.1, March 2021

3.46.1 (13 August 2024), August 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

AGPL 3.0, commercial license available

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

server-less

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C#
Java
PHP

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL

user defined functions

yes

Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Shared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar Partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Ingres Replicator

yes

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Yes, via Full Spark Integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

Role-based access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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