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DBMS > Ingres vs. Lovefield vs. NebulaGraph vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Lovefield vs. NebulaGraph vs. Tkrzw

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWell established RDBMSEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score0.07
Rank#372  Overall
#57  Key-value stores
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
dbmx.net/­tkrzw
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.nebula-graph.io
DeveloperActian CorporationGoogleVesoft Inc.Mikio Hirabayashi
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201420192020
Current release11.2, May 20222.1.12, February 20170.9.3, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaScriptC++C++
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinuxLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesStrong typed schemaschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languagesJavaScript.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functionsno
TriggersyesUsing read-only observersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslynoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatornoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocolnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes infousing RocksDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDByesyes infousing specific database classes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoRole-based access controlno
More information provided by the system vendor
IngresLovefieldNebulaGraphTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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IngresLovefieldNebulaGraphTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
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