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DBMS > Ingres vs. Kdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Kdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. YugabyteDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWell established RDBMSHigh performance Time Series DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.63
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score7.73
Rank#45  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.48
Rank#108  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreskx.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingrescode.kx.comwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperActian CorporationKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerYugabyte Inc.
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 20031989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2017
Current release12.0, July 20243.6, May 201816.4, August 20242.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versionOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageCqCC and C++
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyesyesyesdepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query language (q)yes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersyesyes infowith viewsyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyhorizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatorSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardrights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
IngresKdbPostgreSQLYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
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Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
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Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
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Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
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Apache 2.0 license for the database
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Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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More resources
IngresKdbPostgreSQLYugabyteDB
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Conferences, events and webinars

PASS Data Community Summit
Seattle, Washington, 4-8 November 2024

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