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DBMS > Ingres vs. KairosDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimescaleDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. KairosDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimescaleDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonKairosDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWell established RDBMSDistributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#233  Overall
#20  Time Series DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresgithub.com/­kairosdb/­kairosdbwww.postgresql.orgwww.timescale.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingreskairosdb.github.iowww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.timescale.comwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperActian CorporationPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTimescaleJuxt Ltd.
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20172019
Current release11.2, May 20221.2.2, November 201816.3, May 20242.15.0, May 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
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Implementation languageCJavaCCClojure
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data typesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntaxlimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shellno
Triggersyesnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding infobased on Cassandrapartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres Replicatorselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas infoyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardsimple password-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
IngresKairosDBPostgreSQLTimescaleDBXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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