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DBMS > InfluxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison InfluxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameInfluxDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDBMS for storing time series, events and metricsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infowith GEO packageDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score25.83
Rank#28  Overall
#1  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score8.42
Rank#47  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.influxdata.com/­products/­influxdb-overviewazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.orgprometheus.iowww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdocs.influxdata.com/­influxdbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.org/­docsprometheus.io/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release201320191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20151998
Current release2.7.6, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases16.3, May 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT-License; commercial enterprise version availablecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoCGo
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X infothrough Homebrew
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateNumeric data and Stringsyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API
JSON over UDP
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noPL/SQL
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoin enterprise version onlySharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoin enterprise version onlyyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoby FederationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoDepending on used storage enginenononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlsimple rights management via user accountsAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
InfluxDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgreSQLPrometheusTimesTen
Specific characteristicsInfluxData is the creator of InfluxDB , the open source time series database. It...
» more
Competitive advantagesTime to Value InfluxDB is available in all the popular languages and frameworks,...
» more
Typical application scenariosIoT & Sensor Monitoring Developers are witnessing the instrumentation of every available...
» more
Key customersInfluxData has more than 1,900 paying customers, including customers include MuleSoft,...
» more
Market metricsFastest-growing database to drive 27,500 GitHub stars Over 750,000 daily active instances
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source core with closed source clustering available either on-premise or on...
» more
News

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14 May 2024

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14 May 2024

Introduction to Apache Iceberg
9 May 2024

Converting Timestamp to Date in Java
7 May 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
InfluxDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgreSQLPrometheusTimesTen
DB-Engines blog posts

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Conferences, events and webinars

Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

Recent citations in the news

Introducing Amazon Timestream for InfluxDB: A managed service for the popular open source time-series database ...
20 May 2024, AWS Blog

Amazon Timestream: Managed InfluxDB for Time Series Data
14 March 2024, The New Stack

InfluxData Collaborating with AWS to Bring InfluxDB and Time Series Analytics to Developers Around the World
14 March 2024, Business Wire

How the FDAP Stack Gives InfluxDB 3.0 Real-Time Speed, Efficiency
15 March 2024, Datanami

Run and manage open source InfluxDB databases with Amazon Timestream | Amazon Web Services
14 March 2024, AWS Blog

provided by Google News

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Controlling costs in Azure Data Explorer using down-sampling and aggregation
11 February 2019, Microsoft

Individually great, collectively unmatched: Announcing updates to 3 great Azure Data Services
7 February 2019, Microsoft

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7 February 2019, Microsoft

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At Build, Microsoft Fabric, PostgreSQL and Cosmos DB get AI enhancements
21 May 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Nutanix partners with EDB to fit database service for AI – Blocks and Files
21 May 2024, Blocks & Files

Nutanix and EDB Partner to Deliver a Modern Data Platform
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Let PostgreSQL Pick An Index For You
20 May 2024, iProgrammer

Continuously replicate Amazon DynamoDB changes to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL using AWS Lambda | Amazon ...
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provided by Google News

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VictoriaMetrics Offers Prometheus Replacement for Time Series Monitoring
17 July 2023, The New Stack

Linux System Monitoring with Prometheus, Grafana, and collectd
1 February 2024, Linux Journal

Consider Grafana vs. Prometheus for your time-series tools
18 October 2021, TechTarget

How to reduce Istio sidecar metric cardinality with Amazon Managed Service for Prometheus | Amazon Web Services
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