DBMS > Immudb vs. Interbase vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. Interbase vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Light-weight proven RDBMS

originally from Borland

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	4.08
Rank	#75	Overall
	#41	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.embarcadero.com/products/interbase

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.immudb.io

docs.embarcadero.com/products/interbase

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Codenotary

Embarcadero

Microsoft

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2020

1984

1989

2019

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

InterBase 2020, December 2019

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

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Implementation language

C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Android
iOS
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

export as XML data possible

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Object Pascal
PHP
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Interbase procedure and trigger language

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Interbase Change Views

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Multiversion concurreny control

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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