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DBMS > dBASE vs. Immudb vs. Ingres vs. Sqrrl vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison dBASE vs. Immudb vs. Ingres vs. Sqrrl vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamedBASE  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptiondBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Well established RDBMSAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache AccumuloA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.70
Rank#44  Overall
#28  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.dbase.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.actian.com/­databases/­ingressqrrl.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationwww.dbase.com/­support/­knowledgebasedocs.immudb.iodocs.actian.com/­ingres
DeveloperAsthon TateCodenotaryActian CorporationAmazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.8Kdata
Initial release197920201974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20122016
Current releasedBASE 2019, 20191.2.3, April 202211.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoCJavaJava
Server operating systemsDOS infodBase Classic
Windows infodBase Pro
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like syntaxyesno
APIs and other access methodsnone infoThe IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Supported programming languagesdBase proprietary IDE.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresno infoThe IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.noyesno
Triggersnonoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding infomaking use of HadoopSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneIngres Replicatorselectable replication factor infomaking use of HadoopSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infonot for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMSACIDACIDAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entityno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)Access rights for users and roles

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More resources
dBASEImmudbIngresSqrrlToroDB
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