DBMS > Immudb vs. Ingres vs. KairosDB vs. Kinetica vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. Ingres vs. KairosDB vs. Kinetica vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Well established RDBMS

Distributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2

Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUs

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	0.67
Rank	#233	Overall
	#20	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.66
Rank	#234	Overall
	#107	Relational DBMS

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

github.com/kairosdb/kairosdb

www.kinetica.com

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

docs.immudb.io

docs.actian.com/ingres

kairosdb.github.io

docs.kinetica.com

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Codenotary

Actian Corporation

Kinetica

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2020

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2013

2012

2014

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

11.2, May 2022

1.2.2, November 2018

7.1, August 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C, C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

triggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified range

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Ingres Replicator

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

GPU vRAM or System RAM

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

simple password-based access control

Access rights for users and roles on table level

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.