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DBMS > Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.11
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.52
Rank#153  Overall
#6  Vector DBMS
Websiteignite.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.orgspark.apache.org/­sqlgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationapacheignite.readme.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.org/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperApache Software FoundationMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software FoundationWeaviate B.V.
Initial release201520191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20142019
Current releaseApache Ignite 2.6cloud service with continuous releases16.3, May 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20231.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++, Java, .NetCScalaGo
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsHDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nono
Triggersyes (cache interceptors and events)yes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes (replicated cache)yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)Spark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
IgniteMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgreSQLSpark SQLWeaviate
Specific characteristicsWeaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantagesFlexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenariosAs a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customersAll companies that have data. ​
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Market metricsAs of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing modelsWeaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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More resources
IgniteMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgreSQLSpark SQLWeaviate
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