DBMS > IBM Db2 Event Store vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. Tibero
System Properties Comparison IBM Db2 Event Store vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. Tibero
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| Name | IBM Db2 Event Store Xexclude from comparison | Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB  former name was Azure DocumentDB Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | RDF4J formerly known as Sesame Xexclude from comparison | Tibero Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Distributed Event Store optimized for Internet of Things use cases | Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage. | A secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Event Store Time Series DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS Key-value store Wide column store | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | RDF store | Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Spatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.ibm.com/products/db2-event-store | azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db | www.postgresql.org | rdf4j.org | us.tmaxsoft.com/products/tibero | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | www.ibm.com/docs/en/db2-event-store | learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db | www.postgresql.org/docs | rdf4j.org/documentation | technet.tmaxsoft.com/upload/download/online/tibero/pver-20150504-000002/index.html | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | IBM | Microsoft | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software. | TmaxSoft | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2017 | 2014 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2004 | 2003 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 2.0 | 16.3, May 2024 | 6, April 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial free developer edition available | commercial | Open Source BSD | Open Source Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0. | commercial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | yes | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | C and C++ | C | Java | C and Assembler | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Linux Linux, macOS, Windows for the developer addition | hosted | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Linux OS X Unix Windows | AIX HP-UX Linux Solaris Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes | schema-free | yes | yes RDF Schemas | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes JSON types | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | no | yes All properties auto-indexed by default | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes through the embedded Spark runtime | SQL-like query language | yes standard with numerous extensions | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | ADO.NET DB2 Connect JDBC ODBC RESTful HTTP API | DocumentDB API Graph API (Gremlin) MongoDB API RESTful HTTP API Table API | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | Java API RIO RDF Input/OutputSail API SeRQL Sesame RDF Query LanguageSesame REST HTTP Protocol SPARQL | JDBC ODBC ODP.NET Oracle Call Interface (OCI) Tibero CLI | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C C# C++ Cobol Delphi Fortran Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python R Ruby Scala Visual Basic | .Net C# Java JavaScript JavaScript (Node.js) MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages Python | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | Java PHP Python | C C# C++ Cobol Java Objective-C Perl PHP Python Ruby Visual Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes | JavaScript | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | yes | Persistent Stored Procedure (PSM) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | no | JavaScript | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | Sharding Implicit feature of the cloud service | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | none | horizontal partitioning by range, hash, list or composite | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Active-active shard replication | yes Implicit feature of the cloud service | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | none | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | with Hadoop integration Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure* | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency | Bounded Staleness Consistent Prefix Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency Consistency level configurable on request levelSession Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | no | yes | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | no | Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition | ACID | ACID Isolation support depends on the API used | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | No - written data is immutable | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | Yes - Synchronous writes to local disk combined with replication and asynchronous writes in parquet format to permanent shared storage | yes | yes | yes in-memory storage is supported as well | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes | no | no planned for next version | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Access rights can be defined down to the item level | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | no | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| IBM Db2 Event Store | Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB former name was Azure DocumentDB | PostgreSQL | RDF4J formerly known as Sesame | Tibero | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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