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DBMS > IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph vs. Neo4j vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph vs. Neo4j vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMSGraph DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score125.90
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#369  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.ibm.com/­products/­db2azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
neo4j.comnsdb.io
Technical documentationwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.nebula-graph.ioneo4j.com/­docsnsdb.io/­Architecture
DeveloperIBMMicrosoftVesoft Inc.Neo4j, Inc.
Initial release1983 infohost version2019201920072017
Current release12.1, October 2016cloud service with continuous releases5.20, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC and C++C++Java, ScalaJava, Scala
Server operating systemsAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedLinuxLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Strong typed schemaschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, string
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux VersionSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingyes using Neo4j FabricSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Causal Clustering using Raft protocolCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByesUsing Apache Lucene
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole-based access controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
IBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerNebulaGraphNeo4jNSDb
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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