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DBMS > IBM Db2 vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison IBM Db2 vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Spatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score128.46
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.ibm.com/­products/­db2www.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2learn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperIBMLeanXcaleMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release1983 infohost version201520141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release12.1, October 201616.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree version is availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++C
Server operating systemsAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infothrough Apache DerbySQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
Java
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersyesJavaScriptyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux VersionSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
IBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2LeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBPostgreSQL
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