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DBMS > IBM Cloudant vs. OceanBase vs. PostgreSQL vs. Virtuoso vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison IBM Cloudant vs. OceanBase vs. PostgreSQL vs. Virtuoso vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonOceanBase  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBA distributed, high available RDBMS compatible with Oracle and MySQLWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphsScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Wide column store
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score1.57
Rank#149  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Score0.88
Rank#203  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudanten.oceanbase.comwww.postgresql.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.comvitess.io
Technical documentationcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudanten.oceanbase.com/­docs/­oceanbase-databasewww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuosovitess.io/­docs
DeveloperIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014OceanBase infopreviously Alibaba and Ant GroupPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpenLink SoftwareThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release201020101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19982013
Current release4.3.0, April 202416.3, May 20247.2.11, September 202315.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoCommercial license availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
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Implementation languageErlangC++CCGo
Server operating systemshostedLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLXyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIJDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Proprietary native API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Ada infoin MySQL-compatible model
C infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
C++ infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
D infoin MySQL-compatible model
Delphi infoin MySQL-compatible model
Eiffel infoin MySQL-compatible model
Erlang infoin MySQL-compatible model
Haskell infoin MySQL-compatible model
Java infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
JavaScript (Node.js) infoin MySQL-compatible model
Objective-C infoin MySQL-compatible model
OCaml infoin MySQL-compatible model
Perl infoin MySQL-compatible model
PHP infoin MySQL-compatible model
Python infoin MySQL-compatible model
Ruby infoin MySQL-compatible model
Scheme infoin MySQL-compatible model
Tcl infoin MySQL-compatible model
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptPL/SQL in oracle-compatible mode, MySQL Stored Procedure in mysql-compatible modeuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoVirtuoso PLyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyesyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by hash, key, range, range columns, list, and list columns)partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication using PaxosSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDACIDACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoOptimistic lockingyesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Users with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
IBM CloudantOceanBasePostgreSQLVirtuosoVitess
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
IBM CloudantOceanBasePostgreSQLVirtuosoVitess
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