DBMS > IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDF4J vs. Realm vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDF4J vs. Realm vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#106	Overall
	#20	Document stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	7.60
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Score	0.04
Rank	#360	Overall
	#52	Key-value stores

Website

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

rdf4j.org

realm.io

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

rdf4j.org/documentation

realm.io/docs

Developer

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Microsoft

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

STS Soft SC

Initial release

2010

1989

2004

2014

2011

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

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Implementation language

Erlang

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Java
PHP
Python

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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