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DBMS > IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service
Primary database modelDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score44.27
Rank#23  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.html
Technical documentationcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­hana
DeveloperIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014MicrosoftMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP
Initial release2010201420161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2010
Current release16.3, May 20242.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyesnono infoalso available as a cloud based service
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangC++C
Server operating systemshostedhostedhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Appliance or cloud-service
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infoJSON typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptJavaScriptTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.SQLScript, R
TriggersyesJavaScriptnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyeswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a document possibleMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoOptimistic lockingyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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IBM CloudantMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQLSAP HANA
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