DBMS > HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Riak KV vs. Snowflake vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Riak KV vs. Snowflake vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Distributed, fault tolerant key-value store

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

with links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.49
Rank	#87	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	4.10
Rank	#82	Overall
	#9	Key-value stores

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Website

hsqldb.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.snowflake.com

www.mireo.com/spacetime

Technical documentation

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/kv/latest

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Microsoft

OpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Mireo

Initial release

2001

1989

2009

2014

2020

Current release

2.7.2, June 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.2.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

based on BSD license

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache version 2, commercial enterprise edition

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Erlang

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

unofficial client library
C#
C++

unofficial client library
Clojure

unofficial client library
Dart

unofficial client library
Erlang
Go

unofficial client library
Groovy

unofficial client library
Haskell

unofficial client library
Java
JavaScript

unofficial client library
Lisp

unofficial client library
Perl

unofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

unofficial client library
Smalltalk

unofficial client library

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Erlang

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

yes

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

selectable replication factor

yes

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

links between data sets can be stored

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes, using Riak Security

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

yes

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