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DBMS > HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Access vs. PostgreSQL vs. TigerGraph vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Access vs. PostgreSQL vs. TigerGraph vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMSMultivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score101.16
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.80
Rank#138  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score2.85
Rank#98  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Websitehsqldb.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accesswww.postgresql.orgwww.tigergraph.comwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accesswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.tigergraph.comdocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRocket Software
Initial release200119921989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20171985
Current release2.7.2, June 20231902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 201916.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficeOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++CC++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesWindows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (GSQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava, SQLyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyes
Triggersyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyesnoyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACIDACIDACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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More resources
HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft AccessPostgreSQLTigerGraphUniData,UniVerse
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