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DBMS > HyperSQL vs. IBM Db2 vs. MySQL vs. Pinecone vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. IBM Db2 vs. MySQL vs. Pinecone vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonPinecone  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxWidely used open source RDBMSA managed, cloud-native vector databaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APIVector DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.14
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score123.05
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score1029.49
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Score3.02
Rank#87  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitehsqldb.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2www.mysql.comwww.pinecone.iowww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2dev.mysql.com/­docdocs.pinecone.io/­docs/­overviewwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperIBMOracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunPinecone Systems, IncPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20011983 infohost version199520191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release2.7.2, June 202312.1, October 20169.0.0, July 202416.4, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial infofree version is availableOpen Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availablecommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++C and C++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesString, Number, Booleanyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Python.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava, SQLyesyes infoproprietary syntaxuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versionhorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabricpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2MySQLPineconePostgreSQL
DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL is the DBMS of the Year 2019
3 January 2020, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

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Conferences, events and webinars

PASS Data Community Summit
Seattle, Washington, 4-8 November 2024

Recent citations in the news

HyperSQL DataBase flaw leaves library vulnerable to RCE
24 October 2022, The Daily Swig

Introduction to JDBC with HSQLDB tutorial
14 November 2022, TheServerSide.com

provided by Google News

Db2 is a story worth telling, even if IBM won't
4 July 2024, The Register

Data migration strategies to Amazon RDS for Db2
15 May 2024, AWS Blog

Six new Db2 capabilities DBAs must try today with Db2 11.5.9
9 April 2024, IBM

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31 May 2024, Oracle

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20 September 2024, Phoronix

Learn how Presence migrated off a monolithic Amazon RDS for MySQL instance, with near-zero downtime, using replication filters
17 September 2024, AWS Blog

HeatWave MySQL – New Capabilities for OLTP Workloads
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Pinecone serverless goes multicloud as vector database market heats up
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Using the Pinecone vector database in .NET
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Pinecone launches its serverless vector database out of preview
21 May 2024, TechCrunch

Pinecone launches serverless vector database on Azure, GCP
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YugabyteDB 2.19 gets new PostgreSQL-compatibility features
19 September 2024, InfoWorld

YugabyteDB evolves into a distributed PostgreSQL database for apps that need resilience and scale
19 September 2024, SiliconANGLE News

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12 September 2024, Phoronix

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20 August 2024, The Register

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