DBMS > HugeGraph vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison HugeGraph vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.17
Rank	#335	Overall
	#31	Graph DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	76.78
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

google.github.io/lovefield

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Baidu

Google

Microsoft

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2018

2014

2010

2019

Current release

0.9

2.1.12, February 2017

V12

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Unix

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

hosted

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Groovy
Java
Python

JavaScript

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

Transact SQL

Triggers

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

none

yes, with always 3 replicas available

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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Recent citations in the news

POC exploit code published for 9.8-rated Apache HugeGraph RCE flaw
7 June 2024, The Register

Critical Apache HugeGraph Flaw Let Attackers Execute Remote Code
23 April 2024, GBHackers

PoC Exploit Released for High Severity Apache HugeGraph RCE flaw
7 June 2024, CybersecurityNews

AI, Lockbit, Veeam, Club Penguin, Kali, Commando Cat, HugeGraph, Aaran Leyland… – SWN #391
7 June 2024, SC Media

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3 June 2024, Security Boulevard

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