DBMS > Hive vs. PostgreSQL vs. Redis vs. RisingWave
System Properties Comparison Hive vs. PostgreSQL vs. Redis vs. RisingWave
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| Name | Hive Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Redis Xexclude from comparison | RisingWave Xexclude from comparison | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop | Widely used open source RDBMS  Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies. | A distributed RDBMS for stream processing, wire-compatible with PostgreSQL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Key-value store Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence | Relational DBMS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Document store with RedisJSON Graph DBMS with RedisGraphSpatial DBMS Search engine with RediSearchTime Series DBMS with RedisTimeSeriesVector DBMS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | hive.apache.org | www.postgresql.org | redis.com redis.io | www.risingwave.com/database | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home | www.postgresql.org/docs | docs.redis.com/latest/index.html redis.io/docs | docs.risingwave.com/docs/current/intro | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Apache Software Foundation initially developed by Facebook | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo Development sponsored by Redis Inc. | RisingWave Labs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2012 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2009 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 3.1.3, April 2022 | 16.3, May 2024 | 7.2.5, May 2024 | 1.2, September 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache Version 2 | Open Source BSD | Open Source source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise | Open Source Apache Version 2.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementation language | Java | C | C | Rust | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | All OS with a Java VM | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | BSD Linux OS X Windows ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc. | Docker Linux macOS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes | yes | schema-free | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | partial Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes | Standard SQL-types and JSON | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes with RediSearch module | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | SQL-like DML and DDL statements | yes standard with numerous extensions | with RediSQL module | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | JDBC ODBC Thrift | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | proprietary protocol RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol | JDBC PostgreSQL wire protocol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C++ Java PHP Python | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C C# C++ Clojure Crystal D Dart Elixir Erlang Fancy Go Haskell Haxe Java JavaScript (Node.js) Lisp Lua MatLab Objective-C OCaml Pascal Perl PHP Prolog Pure Data Python R Rebol Ruby Rust Scala Scheme Smalltalk Swift Tcl Visual Basic | Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes user defined functions and integration of map-reduce | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github) | UDFs in Python or Java | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | no | yes | publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | selectable replication factor | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Multi-source replication with Redis Enterprise Pack Source-replica replication Chained replication is supported | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | yes query execution via MapReduce | no | through RedisGears | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases Strong consistency with Redis Raft Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | yes | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | no | ACID | Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes Data access is serialized by the server | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Access rights for users, groups and roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption Password-based authentication | Users and Roles | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hive | PostgreSQL | Redis | RisingWave | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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