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DBMS > Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHive  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
Descriptiondata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score4.48
Rank#75  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitehive.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homewww.postgresql.org/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerJuxt Ltd.
Initial release201220121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current release3.1.3, April 202216.3, May 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCClojure
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanooptimistic lockingACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and rolesAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
HiveMicrosoft Azure Table StoragePostgreSQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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