DBMS > Hive vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostGIS vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostGIS vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Search-as-a-service for web and mobile app development

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Spatial extension of PostgreSQL

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

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Trend Chart

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	5.59
Rank	#63	Overall
	#7	Search engines

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	22.69
Rank	#29	Overall
	#1	Spatial DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#348	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Website

hive.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/search

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

postgis.net

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/search

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

postgis.net/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2015

1989

2005

2009

Current release

3.1.3, April 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.4.2, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPL v2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

C++
Java
PHP
Python

C#
Java
JavaScript
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

yes

based on PostgreSQL

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

based on PostgreSQL

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

yes

using Azure authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

based on PostgreSQL

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