DBMS > Hive vs. MarkLogic vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQLite vs. Vertica
System Properties Comparison Hive vs. MarkLogic vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQLite vs. Vertica
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Name | Hive Xexclude from comparison | MarkLogic Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | SQLite Xexclude from comparison | Vertica OpenText™ Vertica™ Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop | Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS | Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Document store Native XML DBMS RDF store as of version 7 Search engine | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS Column oriented | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache Age Spatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Spatial DBMS Time Series DBMS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Website | hive.apache.org | www.progress.com/marklogic | www.postgresql.org | www.sqlite.org | www.vertica.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical documentation | cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home | www.progress.com/marklogic/documentation | www.postgresql.org/docs | www.sqlite.org/docs.html | vertica.com/documentation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Developer | Apache Software Foundation initially developed by Facebook | MarkLogic Corp. | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Dwayne Richard Hipp | OpenText previously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial release | 2012 | 2001 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2000 | 2005 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current release | 3.1.3, April 2022 | 11.0, December 2022 | 16.3, May 2024 | 3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024 | 12.0.3, January 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache Version 2 | commercial restricted free version is available | Open Source BSD | Open Source Public Domain | commercial Limited community edition free | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no on-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Implementation language | Java | C++ | C | C | C++ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server operating systems | All OS with a Java VM | Linux OS X Windows | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | server-less | Linux | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data scheme | yes | schema-free Schema can be enforced | yes | yes dynamic column types | Yes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept. | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | yes | No Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SQL Support of SQL | SQL-like DML and DDL statements | yes SQL92 | yes standard with numerous extensions | yes SQL-92 is not fully supported | Full 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APIs and other access methods | JDBC ODBC Thrift | Java API Node.js Client API ODBC proprietary Optic API Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9 RESTful HTTP API SPARQL WebDAV XDBC XQuery XSLT | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | ADO.NET inofficial driver JDBC inofficial driver ODBC inofficial driver | ADO.NET JDBC Kafka Connector ODBC RESTful HTTP API Spark Connector vSQL character-based, interactive, front-end utility | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supported programming languages | C++ Java PHP Python | C C# C++ Java JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Ruby | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBC JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | Actionscript Ada Basic C C# C++ D Delphi Forth Fortran Haskell Java JavaScript Lisp Lua MatLab Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP PL/SQL Python R Ruby Scala Scheme Smalltalk Tcl | C# C++ Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python R | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes user defined functions and integration of map-reduce | yes via XQuery or JavaScript | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | no | yes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triggers | no | yes | yes | yes | yes, called Custom Alerts | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | Sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | none | horizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | selectable replication factor | yes | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | none | Multi-source replication One, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | yes query execution via MapReduce | yes via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs | no | no | no Bi-directional Spark integration | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | no | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | no | ACID can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction | ACID | ACID | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes via file-system locks | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes, with Range Indexes | no | yes | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
User concepts Access control | Access rights for users, groups and roles | Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | no | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Hive | MarkLogic | PostgreSQL | SQLite | Vertica OpenText™ Vertica™ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Specific characteristics | Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Competitive advantages | Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typical application scenarios | Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key customers | Abiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Licensing and pricing models | Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Hive | MarkLogic | PostgreSQL | SQLite | Vertica OpenText™ Vertica™ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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