DBMS > Hive vs. LevelDB vs. RocksDB vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. LevelDB vs. RocksDB vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

hive.apache.org

github.com/google/leveldb

rocksdb.org

spark.apache.org/sql

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Google

Facebook, Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2012

2011

2013

2014

2000

Current release

3.1.3, April 2022

1.23, February 2021

9.2.1, May 2024

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Scala

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

C++ API
Java API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C++
Java
PHP
Python

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Java
Python
R
Scala

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning

yes, utilizing Spark Core

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

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