DBMS > Hive vs. HyperSQL vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. HyperSQL vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	59.76
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	3.23
Rank	#93	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	0.07
Rank	#372	Overall
	#57	Key-value stores

Website

Technical documentation

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Apache Software Foundation

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

2012

2001

2014

2000

2020

Current release

3.1.3, April 2022

2.7.2, June 2023

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Scala

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

dynamic column types

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C++
Java
PHP
Python

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

Java
Python
R
Scala

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Java, SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

yes, utilizing Spark Core

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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