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DBMS > Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RRDtool vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RRDtool vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchFully managed big data interactive analytics platformIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.87
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­spotify/­heroicazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-exploreross.oetiker.ch/­rrdtoolwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-exploreross.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­docdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperSpotifyMicrosoftTobias OetikerTimescale
Initial release2014201919992017
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases1.8.0, 20222.13.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSSOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# availableC
Server operating systemshostedHP-UX
Linux
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesNumeric data onlynumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possibleyes
Secondary indexesyes infovia Elasticsearchall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsHQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
in-process shared library
Pipes
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
noneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemonyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
HeroicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRRDtoolTimescaleDB
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