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DBMS > Heroic vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SurrealDB vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison Heroic vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SurrealDB vs. Teradata Aster

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.46
Rank#265  Overall
#22  Time Series DBMS
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­spotify/­heroicwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorersurrealdb.com
Technical documentationspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorersurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperSpotifyLeanXcaleMicrosoftSurrealDB LtdTeradata
Initial release20142015201920222005
Current releasecloud service with continuous releasesv1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaRust
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoin Aster File Store
Secondary indexesyes infovia Elasticsearchall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infothrough Apache DerbyKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsHQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesC
Java
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RR packages
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Framework
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
HeroicLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSurrealDBTeradata Aster
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