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DBMS > Heroic vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Pinecone vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison Heroic vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Pinecone vs. RDFox

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPinecone  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA managed, cloud-native vector databaseHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedVector DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.46
Rank#265  Overall
#22  Time Series DBMS
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#92  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#300  Overall
#24  Graph DBMS
#13  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­spotify/­heroicwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.pinecone.iowww.oxfordsemantic.tech
Technical documentationspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.pinecone.io/­docs/­overviewdocs.oxfordsemantic.tech
DeveloperSpotifyLeanXcaleMicrosoftPinecone Systems, IncOxford Semantic Technologies
Initial release20142015201920192017
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases6.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoRDF schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesString, Number, Booleanyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyes infovia Elasticsearchall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infothrough Apache DerbyKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnono
APIs and other access methodsHQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languagesC
Java
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
PythonC
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.replication via a shared file system
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRoles, resources, and access types

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HeroicLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPineconeRDFox
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