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DBMS > Heroic vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Rdb vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison Heroic vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Rdb vs. RRDtool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.46
Rank#265  Overall
#22  Time Series DBMS
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.14
Rank#178  Overall
#80  Relational DBMS
Score1.90
Rank#132  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­spotify/­heroicwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmloss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool
Technical documentationspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmloss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
DeveloperSpotifyLeanXcaleMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)Tobias Oetiker
Initial release20142015201919841999
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases7.4.1.1, 20211.8.0, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSS
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available
Server operating systemshostedHP Open VMSHP-UX
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesyes infovia Elasticsearchall fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infothrough Apache DerbyKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesno
APIs and other access methodsHQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
in-process shared library
Pipes
Supported programming languagesC
Java
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoyes, on a single nodeno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemon
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationno

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More resources
HeroicLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOracle RdbRRDtool
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