DBMS > Heroic vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SpatiaLite vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Heroic vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SpatiaLite vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Spatial extension of SQLite

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.51
Rank	#255	Overall
	#21	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.99
Rank	#125	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores

Score	20.56
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	1.60
Rank	#149	Overall
	#3	Spatial DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

github.com/spotify/heroic

www.symas.com/symas-embedded-database-lmdb

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.gaia-gis.it/fossil/libspatialite/index

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

spotify.github.io/heroic

www.lmdb.tech/doc

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

www.gaia-gis.it/gaia-sins/spatialite_topics.html

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Spotify

Symas

Microsoft

Alessandro Furieri

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2014

2011

2016

2008

2010

Current release

0.9.32, January 2024

5.0.0, August 2020

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

hosted

server-less

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

via Elasticsearch

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl

C#
Java
PHP

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

yes

none

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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