DBMS > Heroic vs. Kingbase vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Heroic vs. Kingbase vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.

Description

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.51
Rank	#255	Overall
	#21	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.45
Rank	#262	Overall
	#123	Relational DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

github.com/spotify/heroic

www.kingbase.com.cn

github.com/google/leveldb

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan

Technical documentation

spotify.github.io/heroic

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki

Developer

Spotify

BeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.

Google

Microsoft

Aurelius, owned by DataStax

Initial release

2014

1999

2011

2014

2012

Current release

V8.0, August 2021

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Open Source

Apache license, version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via Elasticsearch

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Standard with numerous extensions

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Clojure
Java
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

via pluggable storage backends

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.