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DBMS > Heroic vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Heroic vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonKairosDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchDistributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.46
Rank#265  Overall
#22  Time Series DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#233  Overall
#20  Time Series DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­spotify/­heroicgithub.com/­kairosdb/­kairosdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationspotify.github.io/­heroickairosdb.github.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperSpotifyMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2014201320191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release1.2.2, November 2018cloud service with continuous releases16.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyes infovia Elasticsearchnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsHQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infobased on CassandraSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlsimple password-based access controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
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Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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More resources
HeroicKairosDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgreSQL
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