DBMS > etcd vs. Hazelcast vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Hazelcast vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed reliable key-value store

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutions

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.03
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	5.46
Rank	#61	Overall
	#7	Key-value stores

Score	2.26
Rank	#114	Overall
	#55	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

hazelcast.com

maxdb.sap.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

maxdb.sap.com/documentation

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Hazelcast

SAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997

Microsoft

Initial release

2008

1984

1989

Current release

3.4, August 2019

5.3.6, November 2023

7.9.10.12, February 2024

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

commercial

Limited community edition free

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

Events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

yes

Replicated Map

Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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