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DBMS > Hazelcast vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Hazelcast vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA widely adopted in-memory data gridWell established RDBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score10.06
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websitehazelcast.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.vertica.com
Technical documentationhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.nebula-graph.iovertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperHazelcastActian CorporationMicrosoftVesoft Inc.OpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20081974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201920192005
Current release5.3.6, November 202311.2, May 2022cloud service with continuous releases12.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCC++C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinuxLinux
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Strong typed schemaYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyno infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.No Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query languageFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsJCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyes infoEventsyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardinghorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoReplicated MapIngres Replicatoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Causal Clustering using Raft protocolMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
HazelcastIngresMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNebulaGraphVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Abiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more

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HazelcastIngresMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNebulaGraphVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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