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DBMS > gStore vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimescaleDB vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison gStore vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimescaleDB vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamegStore  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native Graph DBMS to store and maintain very large RDF datasets.Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQLA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.14
Rank#342  Overall
#34  Graph DBMS
#16  RDF stores
Score0.08
Rank#366  Overall
#39  Time Series DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#345  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websiteen.gstore.cnwww.hawkular.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.timescale.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationen.gstore.cn/­#/­enDocswww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperCommunity supported by Red HatMicrosoftTimescale
Initial release20162014201920172009
Current release1.2, November 2023cloud service with continuous releases2.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaCJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntaxno
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
HTTP RESTMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Go
Java
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shellno
Triggersyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infobased on CassandraSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas infonone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesnonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers, roles and permissions, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) supportednoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
gStoreHawkular MetricsMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTimescaleDBTinkerGraph
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