DBMS > gStore vs. HarperDB vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison gStore vs. HarperDB vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A native Graph DBMS to store and maintain very large RDF datasets.

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Document store

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.04
Rank	#359	Overall
	#37	Graph DBMS
	#18	RDF stores

Score	0.55
Rank	#248	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	0.89
Rank	#198	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Score	645.54
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

en.gstore.cn

www.harperdb.io

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

www.postgresql.org

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

en.gstore.cn/#/enDocs

docs.harperdb.io/docs

doc.nuodb.com

www.postgresql.org/docs

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

HarperDB

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2016

2017

2013

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

2019

Current release

1.2, November 2023

3.1, August 2021

16.3, May 2024

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD

commercial

free community edition available

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

Node.js

C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
OS X

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

dynamic schema

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like data manipulation statements

yes

standard with numerous extensions

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

Java, SQL

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

tunable commit protocol

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

User concepts

Access control

Users, roles and permissions, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) supported

Access rights for users and roles

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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