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DBMS > HBase vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison HBase vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHBase  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.
Primary database modelWide column storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Websitehbase.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrethinkdb.com
Technical documentationhbase.apache.org/­book.htmlgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrethinkdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetGoogleMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017
Initial release2008201120192009
Current release2.3.4, January 20211.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releases2.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-free, schema definition possibleschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateoptions to bring your own types, AVROnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometry
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnonoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoCoprocessors in JavanoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)nonoAtomic single-document operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC based
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes infousers and table-level permissions

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