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DBMS > HBase vs. Interbase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. VictoriaMetrics

System Properties Comparison HBase vs. Interbase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. VictoriaMetrics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHBase  Xexclude from comparisonInterbase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonVictoriaMetrics  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableLight-weight proven RDBMS infooriginally from BorlandFully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA fast, cost-effective and scalable Time Series DBMS and monitoring solution
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score4.08
Rank#75  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.23
Rank#172  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Websitehbase.apache.orgwww.embarcadero.com/­products/­interbaseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.orgvictoriametrics.com
Technical documentationhbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.embarcadero.com/­products/­interbasedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.victoriametrics.com
github.com/­VictoriaMetrics/­VictoriaMetrics/­wiki
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetEmbarcaderoMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerVictoriaMetrics
Initial release2008198420191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2018
Current release2.3.4, January 2021InterBase 2020, December 2019cloud service with continuous releases16.3, May 2024v1.91, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCCGo
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Android
iOS
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
OpenBSD
Data schemeschema-free, schema definition possibleyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoexport as XML data possibleyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Graphite protocol
InfluxDB Line Protocol
OpenTSDB
Prometheus Query API
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Object Pascal
PHP
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoCoprocessors in Javayes infoInterbase procedure and trigger languageYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Interbase Change Viewsyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSynchronous replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMultiversion concurreny controlyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
HBaseInterbaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgreSQLVictoriaMetrics
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