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DBMS > H2GIS vs. PostgreSQL vs. TinkerGraph vs. Tkrzw vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison H2GIS vs. PostgreSQL vs. TinkerGraph vs. Tkrzw vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSpatial extension of H2Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APIA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.08
Rank#368  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#345  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Score0.07
Rank#372  Overall
#57  Key-value stores
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.h2gis.orgwww.postgresql.orgtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlindbmx.net/­tkrzwvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homewww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperCNRSPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerMikio HirabayashiOpenLink Software
Initial release20131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL200920201998
Current release16.3, May 20240.9.3, August 20207.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoLGPL 3.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
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Implementation languageJavaCJavaC++C
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnonoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
TinkerPop 3ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Groovy
Java
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infobased on H2user defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infobased on H2Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnonenoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesoptionalyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes infousing specific database classesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyes infobased on H2fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
H2GISPostgreSQLTinkerGraphTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
H2GISPostgreSQLTinkerGraphTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetVirtuoso
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