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DBMS > H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TinkerGraph vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TinkerGraph vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSpatial extension of H2Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APIVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.h2gis.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasetinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlinvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperCNRSMicrosoftOpenLink Software
Initial release2013201020091998
Current releaseV127.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoLGPL 3.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++JavaC
Server operating systemshostedAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
TinkerPop 3ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Groovy
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infobased on H2Transact SQLnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infobased on H2yes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesoptionalyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyes infobased on H2fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
H2GISMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTinkerGraphVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
H2GISMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTinkerGraphVirtuoso
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