DBMS > H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Trino

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.57
Rank	#47	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	72.95
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	5.28
Rank	#61	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Website

www.h2database.com

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

trino.io

Technical documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Developer

Thomas Mueller

Microsoft

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2005

2010

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

V12

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Transact SQL

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes, with always 3 replicas available

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

News

23 is a go, keeping pace with Java
17 September 2024

65: Performance boosts
12 September 2024

64: Control with Open Policy Agent OPA
22 August 2024

63: Querying with JS
1 August 2024

62: A lakehouse that simply works at Prezi
11 July 2024

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020
4 January 2021, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years
7 February 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

Public Preview: New Azure SQL Database skills introduced to Microsoft Copilot in Azure
21 May 2024, azure.microsoft.com

General availability: Azure SQL updates for late-May 2024
21 May 2024, azure.microsoft.com

Public Preview: Azure SQL updates for late-May 2024
21 May 2024, azure.microsoft.com

Copilot in Azure SQL Database in Private Preview
27 March 2024, InfoQ.com

Getting started with delivering generative AI capabilities in SQL Server and Azure SQL
26 June 2024, Microsoft

provided by Google News

The Perfect AI Storage: Trino From Facebook And Iceberg From Netflix?
30 April 2024, The Next Platform

A look at Presto, Trino SQL query engines
9 August 2022, TechTarget

Trino: The Open-source Data Query Engine That Split from Facebook
30 March 2022, hackernoon.com

Query big data with resilience using Trino in Amazon EMR with Amazon EC2 Spot Instances for less cost
4 October 2023, AWS Blog

Starburst accelerates Trino to ‘Warp Speed’ to accelerate data querying
8 February 2023, VentureBeat

provided by Google News

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