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DBMS > H2 vs. Lovefield vs. Newts vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Lovefield vs. Newts vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonNewts  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptTime Series DBMS based on CassandraWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.22
Rank#306  Overall
#138  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldopennms.github.io/­newtswww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdgithub.com/­OpenNMS/­newts/­wikiwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperThomas MuellerGoogleOpenNMS GroupPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2005201420141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release2.2.220, July 20232.1.12, February 201716.4, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaScriptJavaC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternnoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
Java API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesJavaJavaScriptJava.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersyesUsing read-only observersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infobased on Cassandrapartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infousing MemoryDBnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
H2LovefieldNewtsPostgreSQL
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