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DBMS > H2 vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. PostgreSQL vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. PostgreSQL vs. RRDtool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.In-memory JavaScript DBMSMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#260  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score101.16
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.90
Rank#132  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comgithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accesswww.postgresql.orgoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmltechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accesswww.postgresql.org/­docsoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
DeveloperThomas MuellerMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTobias Oetiker
Initial release2005201419921989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1999
Current release2.2.220, July 20231902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 201916.3, May 20241.8.0, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Sourcecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficeOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSS
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
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Implementation languageJavaJavaScriptC++CC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JavaScript APIADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
in-process shared library
Pipes
Supported programming languagesJavaJavaScriptC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsView functions in JavaScriptyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenonenoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemon
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
H2LokiJSMicrosoft AccessPostgreSQLRRDtool
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