DBMS > etcd vs. H2 vs. Kuzu vs. SAP HANA vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. H2 vs. Kuzu vs. SAP HANA vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed reliable key-value store

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

An embeddable property Graph DBMS built for query speed and scalability

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.03
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#402	Overall
	#41	Graph DBMS

Score	44.27
Rank	#23	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Score	4.46
Rank	#71	Overall
	#5	Time Series DBMS

Website

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

www.h2database.com

kuzudb.com

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

www.timescale.com

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.kuzudb.com

help.sap.com/hana

docs.timescale.com

Developer

Thomas Mueller

SAP

Timescale

Initial release

2005

2022

2010

2017

Current release

3.4, August 2019

2.2.220, July 2023

0.4.2, May 2024

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

2.15.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

MIT license

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

All OS with a Java VM

server-less

Appliance or cloud-service

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

numerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

full PostgreSQL SQL syntax

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

JDBC
ODBC

CLI Client
Cypher Query Language

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

Java

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Python
Rust

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

SQLScript, R

user defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

yes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

yes

Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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