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DBMS > H2 vs. Kdb vs. Neo4j vs. SAP HANA vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. Kdb vs. Neo4j vs. SAP HANA vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.High performance Time Series DBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score7.71
Rank#49  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score44.27
Rank#23  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score111.41
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comkx.comneo4j.comwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlcode.kx.comneo4j.com/­docshelp.sap.com/­hanawww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperThomas MuellerKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcNeo4j, Inc.SAPDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release20052000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003200720102000
Current release2.2.220, July 20233.6, May 20185.20, May 20242.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 20233.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial infofree 32-bit versionOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoalso available as a cloud based serviceno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaqJava, ScalaC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Appliance or cloud-serviceserver-less
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query language (q)noyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesJavaC
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsuser defined functionsyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsSQLScript, Rno
Triggersyesyes infowith viewsyes infovia event handleryesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningyes using Neo4j Fabricyesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseSource-replica replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardrights management via user accountsUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yesno
More information provided by the system vendor
H2KdbNeo4jSAP HANASQLite
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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