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DBMS > H2 vs. JanusGraph vs. MarkLogic vs. Milvus vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. JanusGraph vs. MarkLogic vs. Milvus vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Vector DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score1.94
Rank#129  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comjanusgraph.orgwww.marklogic.commilvus.iopingcap.com
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.janusgraph.orgdocs.marklogic.commilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mddocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperThomas MuellerLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusMarkLogic Corp.PingCAP, Inc.
Initial release20052017200120192016
Current release2.2.220, July 20230.6.3, February 202311.0, December 20222.3.4, January 20248.0.0, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusTiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C++, GoGo, Rust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infoSQL92noyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
RESTful HTTP APIGORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesJavaClojure
Java
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyesyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptnono
Triggersyesyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)ShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyesyesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes, with Range Indexesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsRole based access control and fine grained access rightsFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
H2JanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanMarkLogicMilvusTiDB
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
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34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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H2JanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanMarkLogicMilvusTiDB
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