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DBMS > H2 vs. InfluxDB vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. InfluxDB vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonInfluxDB  Xexclude from comparisonInterSystems IRIS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.DBMS for storing time series, events and metricsA containerised multi-model DBMS, interoperability and analytics data platform with wide capabilities for vertical and horizontal scalabilityFully managed big data interactive analytics platformTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS infowith GEO packageDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score24.39
Rank#28  Overall
#1  Time Series DBMS
Score3.54
Rank#84  Overall
#14  Document stores
#10  Key-value stores
#1  Object oriented DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score4.25
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.influxdata.com/­products/­influxdb-overviewwww.intersystems.com/­products/­intersystems-irisazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerpingcap.com
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.influxdata.com/­influxdbdocs.intersystems.com/­irislatest/­csp/­docbook/­DocBook.UI.Page.clsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperThomas MuellerInterSystemsMicrosoftPingCAP, Inc.
Initial release20052013201820192016
Current release2.2.220, July 20232.7.6, April 20242023.3, June 2023cloud service with continuous releases8.1.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoMIT-License; commercial enterprise version availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaGoGo, Rust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X infothrough Homebrew
AIX
Linux
macOS
Ubuntu
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freedepending on used data modelFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesNumeric data and Stringsyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languageyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
JSON over UDP
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoin enterprise version onlyShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseselectable replication factor infoin enterprise version onlySource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoDepending on used storage engineyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardsimple rights management via user accountsyesAzure Active Directory AuthenticationFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
H2InfluxDBInterSystems IRISMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTiDB
Specific characteristicsInfluxData is the creator of InfluxDB , the open source time series database. It...
» more
InterSystems IRIS is a complete cloud-first data platform which includes a multi-model...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantagesTime to Value InfluxDB is available in all the popular languages and frameworks,...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosIoT & Sensor Monitoring Developers are witnessing the instrumentation of every available...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersInfluxData has more than 1,900 paying customers, including customers include MuleSoft,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricsFastest-growing database to drive 27,500 GitHub stars Over 750,000 daily active instances
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source core with closed source clustering available either on-premise or on...
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more
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