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DBMS > H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. YugabyteDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score2.85
Rank#95  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score24.97
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score2.48
Rank#108  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperThomas MuellerIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014MicrosoftYugabyte Inc.
Initial release2005201020142017
Current release2.2.220, July 20232.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageJavaErlangC and C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedLinux
OS X
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freedepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoSQL-like query languageyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesJavaC#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptJavaScriptyes infosql, plpgsql, C
TriggersyesyesJavaScriptyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyeswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possibleMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoOptimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelyes
More information provided by the system vendor
H2IBM CloudantMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsYugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesPostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosSystems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Market metrics2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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More resources
H2IBM CloudantMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBYugabyteDB
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