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DBMS > H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Immudb vs. Kinetica

System Properties Comparison H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Immudb vs. Kinetica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score0.64
Rank#236  Overall
#109  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.h2database.comhsqldb.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.kinetica.com
Technical documentationwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.immudb.iodocs.kinetica.com
DeveloperThomas MuellerCodenotaryKinetica
Initial release2005200120202012
Current release2.2.220, July 20232.7.2, June 20231.2.3, April 20227.1, August 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaGoC, C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesSQL-like syntaxSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLnouser defined functions
Triggersyesyesnoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified range
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAM
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles on table level

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More resources
H2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBImmudbKinetica
Recent citations in the news

HyperSQL DataBase flaw leaves library vulnerable to RCE
24 October 2022, The Daily Swig

Introduction to JDBC with HSQLDB tutorial
14 November 2022, TheServerSide.com

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Codenotary Releases immudb v1.9DOM
19 October 2023, Business Wire

Codenotary brings its immutable database to the cloud
21 June 2023, TechCrunch

Codenotary launches cloud version of tamper-proof database
27 June 2023, SC Media

A Step by Step Guide to immudb — the open source immutable database
18 May 2020, hackernoon.com

Immudb: Open-source database, built on a zero trust model
17 December 2021, Help Net Security

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Kinetica ramps up RAG for generative AI, empowering enterprises with real-time operational data
18 March 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Kinetica Launches Generative AI Solution for Real-Time Inferencing Powered by NVIDIA AI Enterprise
18 March 2024, GlobeNewswire

Transforming spatiotemporal data analysis with GPUs and generative AI
30 October 2023, InfoWorld

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